Relative Effects of Uniconazole-p and other growth regulators on Micropropagation ratio of yam (Dioscorea spp.) plantlets at different growth phases

Authors

  • Morufat Oloruntoyin Balogun International Institute of Tropical Agriculture/University of Ibadan, Nigeria
  • Shou Yong Ng c/o N.Q. Ng, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 39 PhraAtit Road, Bangkok 10200, Thailand
  • Iyiola Fawole Professor of Genetics, Bells University of Science and Technology, Otta, Nigeria
  • Hironobu Shiwachi Department of International Agricultural Development, Tokyo University of Agriculture
  • Hidehiko Kikuno Department of International Agricultural Development, Tokyo University of Agriculture

Keywords:

Dioscorea, micropropagation, Uniconazole-p, Primary nodal complex, growth regulators,

Abstract

Scarcity of seed, pest and diseases are major constraints to yam production. Tissue culture techniques of meristem culture combined with heat therapy have been used to produce high-yielding virus-tested plantlets of root crops, which are later multiplied through micropropagation. However, the micropropagation rate is low in yam. We investigated in vitro, the rate of production of new nodes at some Plant growth regulator regimes applied at specific growth phases of yam. Three concentrations each of uniconazole-p (UP), gibberellic, jasmonic (JA) and naphthalene acetic (NAA) acids were applied at single node and primary nodal complex (PNC) formation phases in a split-plot design using two genotypes each of white and water yams. Number of nodes per plantlet was recorded after 16 weeks. The number of new nodes varied significantly with genotype by growth phase interaction and the main effect of PGRs. After 16 weeks, the control, 1.7 µM UP and 0.03 µM JA had highest means of 7, 9 and 8 nodes per plantlet compared to 2-3 nodes in the GA treatments. Thus, 4,900, 8,100 and 6,400 plantlets can be obtained in I year from a 100-node plant. In D. alata genotypes, addition of PGRs at PNC doubled the number of nodes per plantlet relative to addition at single node stage, while the effect of stage varied with genotype in D. rotundata. There is an important role for GA and its inhibitor-UP on the rate of yam micropropagation. Optimum multiplication rates can be achieved if the right PGR is applied at a standardized growth phase of a particular genotype. Earliness of genotypes seems to be a major factor that will determine the timing of application of PGRs.  

Author Biographies

Morufat Oloruntoyin Balogun, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture/University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Tissue Culture Specialist on the Yam Improvement for Income and Food Security in West Africa, IITA, Ibadan and Senior Lecturer (Geneticist), Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Shou Yong Ng, c/o N.Q. Ng, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 39 PhraAtit Road, Bangkok 10200, Thailand

Accomplished Tissue culture specialist, formerly at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria

Iyiola Fawole, Professor of Genetics, Bells University of Science and Technology, Otta, Nigeria

Professor of Genetics

Hironobu Shiwachi, Department of International Agricultural Development, Tokyo University of Agriculture

Plant Physiologist

Hidehiko Kikuno, Department of International Agricultural Development, Tokyo University of Agriculture

Plant Physiologist

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Published

2015-03-26

How to Cite

Balogun, M. O., Ng, S. Y., Fawole, I., Shiwachi, H., & Kikuno, H. (2015). Relative Effects of Uniconazole-p and other growth regulators on Micropropagation ratio of yam (Dioscorea spp.) plantlets at different growth phases. JOURNAL OF ROOT CROPS, 40(2), 5–11. Retrieved from https://journal.isrc.in/index.php/jrc/article/view/194

Issue

Vol. 40 No. 2 (2014): Journal of Root Crops

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Research Articles

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